Ivory-billed woodpecker

Campephilus is a genus of large American woodpeckers in the family Picidae.

This genus was created by George Robert Gray, who suggested taking Campephilus principalis as the type for the genus. The name Campephilus means "lover of grubs" - an allusion to the diet of these birds, many of which feed on the larvae of wood-boring beetles. Contrary to long-held opinion, their closest relatives are not the large black Dryocopus woodpeckers: instead, they are related to the Chrysocolaptes flamebacks from Southeast Asia (Benz et al., 2006).

The English names ivory-billed woodpecker or ivorybill are sometimes used to refer to members of this genus, though more these are used specifically for Campephilus principalis.

Species

 * Crimson-bellied Woodpecker, Campephilus haematogaster
 * American Ivory-billed Woodpecker, Campephilus principalis - possibly extinct (late 20th century)
 * Imperial Woodpecker, Campephilus imperialis - possibly extinct (late 20th century)
 * Cuban Ivory-billed Woodpecker (Campephilus principalis bairdii) - extinct (late 20th century)
 * Magellanic Woodpecker, Campephilus magellanicus
 * Red-necked Woodpecker, Campephilus rubricollis
 * Cream-backed Woodpecker, Campephilus leucopogon
 * Robust Woodpecker, Campephilus robustus
 * Powerful Woodpecker, Campephilus pollens
 * Crimson-crested Woodpecker, Campephilus melanoleucos
 * Pale-billed Woodpecker, Campephilus guatemalensis
 * Guayaquil Woodpecker, Campephilus gayaquilensis

A fossil ivorybill species, Campephilus dalquesti, was described from bones found in Late Pleistocene deposits of Scurry County.